Improvement of Phytopharmaceutical and Alkaloid Production in Periwinkle Plants by Endophyte and Abiotic Elicitors

Periwinkle plant represents a major source of immensely vital terpenoid indole alkaloids and natural antioxidants which are widely used in cancer chemotherapy. A pot experiment was done to evaluate the role two periwinkle endophytes (Streptomyces sp. Bacillus sp.) with or without abiotic elicitors (aluminum chloride, tryptophan, chitosan) on biomass, physio-biochemical attributes, phytopharmaceutical constituents, alkaloid production. Inoculation endophyte microbes significantly increased growth, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, yield. It also decreased oxidative biomarkers (hydrogen peroxide malondialdehyde) had no significant effects flavonoids anthocyanin. In this regard, Streptomyces more effective than Foliar spraying chitosan chlorophyll, ions, antioxidant capacity, constituents (total soluble phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin), yield, associated decline biomarkers. Conversely, aluminum chloride application generally biomarkers, decreasing effect ions. Application either tryptophan antioxidants, alkaloid; meanwhile, it On contrary, evoked damage that reduction constituents. The current study provides proof-of-concept use for enhancing phytopharmaceuticals accumulation,